Ireland’s Credit Union Consumer Sentiment Index increased to 61.7 in September 2025 from 61.1 in August, improving for the second straight month but still hovering near a two-year low as households remain wary. The index had fallen to 58.7 in April, with the decline being linked to the threat of US tariffs on the European Union, though survey authors noted the limited recovery since suggests tariffs have not yet led to materially different economic conditions. Ireland’s modified domestic demand, the government’s preferred measure of growth, rose 3.8% year-on-year in the first half of 2025 on strong household spending, government outlays and investment. The central bank last week raised its 2025 MDD growth forecast to 2.9% from 2.0%, citing tariff rates that proved less severe than feared and unlikely to trigger a significant pullback in foreign investment.