Frankfurt’s DAX 40 closed marginally up at 25,246 on Monday, as signs of growing political instability in Europe kept investors cautious, despite lower oil prices. Early today, the Spanish Prime Minister decided to call early elections after his housing reform package was rejected by Parliament. This development added to concerns over French fiscal policy and the country’s high level of public debt. Meanwhile, geopolitical risks remain elevated. Among key movers, shares of the defense companies Rheinmetall and Hensoldt rose by 2.5% and 4.3%, respectively, after Chancellor Friedrich Merz announced a new aid package for Ukraine during a surprise visit to Kyiv.