The annual inflation rate in the Netherlands eased to 3.1% in October 2025 from 3.3% in September, confirming preliminary estimates. The main downward pressure came from a sharp slowdown in inflation for housing and utilities (4.3% vs 4.7% in September), clothing and footwear (0.1% vs 2.7%), upholstery and household appliances (0.3% vs 2%), and restaurants and hotels (3.9% vs 5.2%). Inflation was unchanged for food and non-alcoholic beverages at 4.3%. On the other hand, price growth accelerated for transport (3.5% vs 2.2%) and recreation and culture (3.1% vs 2.4%). On a monthly basis, consumer prices rose 0.3%, following a 0.1% fall in September. Meanwhile, the harmonized consumer price index (HICP), which excludes housing costs and is used for EU-level comparisons, increased 3% in October, unchanged from September.