Germany's DAX pared some early losses to close slightly up at 24,208 on Thursday, tracking its European peers, as investors assessed fresh quarterly corporate reports. Meanwhile, geopolitical developments drew attention, as the US announced sanctions on Russia’s top oil producers and the EU unveiled a new package targeting Moscow. On the earnings side, German software maker SAP rose 2.2% after reporting higher third-quarter revenue and operating profit, guiding full-year operating profit toward the top of its earlier forecast. While cloud revenue came in slightly below estimates, the company reiterated that it remains the foundation for long-term growth. Skincare giant Beiersdorf gained 0.3% after cutting its full-year sales forecast for a second time following Q3 results below expectations, while maintaining its EBIT margin guidance.