Euro area consumer price inflation was confirmed at 2.2% year-on-year in September 2025, up from 2.0% over the previous three months and slightly above the ECB’s 2.0% mid-point target. Services inflation edged higher to 3.2% from 3.1% in August, while energy costs declined only 0.4%, compared with a 2.0% drop previously. Prices for food, alcohol, and tobacco rose more slowly at 3.0%, down from 3.2%, reflecting weaker unprocessed food inflation. Non-energy industrial goods inflation remained steady at 0.8%. Meanwhile, core inflation - which excludes energy, food, alcohol, and tobacco - rose to 2.4%, above the preliminary 2.3% estimate and reversing an over three-year low of 2.3% in August, signaling persistent underlying price pressures.