21 June 2001, 13:06 US's Lindsey:Yen May Decline if Japan Restructures- Nikkei
WASHINGTON (MktNews) - The following is a transcript of the remarks
of Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan on the subject of consumer
confidence, in response to a question posed Wednesday during his
testimony before the Senate Banking Committee:
GREENSPAN: "Senator, most of the major estimates of consumer
confidence, proxies for actual psychological consumer confidence, if I
may put it that way, employ some sort of measure of what either is the
expected unemployment rate at some future point or whether you yourself
or members of your family are likely to be laid off. And there's even on
sophisticated one, what is the probability you will be laid off. So that
they actually embody that specific notion within their statistical
measure. There's no question that the issue of layoffs has got to be a
factor in determining the propensity of people to spend money to do a
number of commitments which require the maintenance of an income. So the
answer I would give to you is that, yes, layoffs do tend to impact on
consumer confidence. We've had a significant pickup in initial claims on
insured unemployment which is the broadest measure that we have got on
layoffs and indeed it is doubtless impacting to a certain extent on
consumer confidence, at least in the proxies that are effectively
employed using that. But we have not yet seen any real serious
deterioration in the actions people take. And I think what you have to
argue is that the ultimate measure of consumer confidence is not the
statistical calculations we make about proxies of what tends to
correspond to our judgments of consumer confidence, but what'll do
people do. And so far they have exhibited a fairly high degree of
confidence. To be sure consumer expenditures have not been going up in
any material way, but they've held their own."
SEN. SCHUMER: The worry is that after month after month of people
reading of these layoffs, worrying about them more in their own
families, the neighbor down the street or whatever, that it would affect
the consumer's spending.
GREENSPAN: "That's been our history, senator, and I think that it
is clearly an issue which, for example, we at the Federal Reserve watch
very closely."
SEN. SCHUMER: But so far, we haven't seen that. Has the measure of
layoffs accelerated over the last three months that we wouldn't see it
yet even if it were going to occur or has it been sort of steady the
last six or seven months?
GREENSPAN: "No, the rate of layoffs has gone up and that is, as
I've said, the broadest measure we have of layoffs is initial claims and
that as you know has gone from under 300,000 a week to in excess of
400,000, so that all the measures that we pick up on the weekly basis in
those insured data, short of employment data systems, as well as our
much broader employment series, does show a pickup in the issue of ..."
SEN. SCHUMER: It seems to me we ought to start worrying a little
more about, I don't know what we can do about it. Although it relates to
another question, but if one were looking generally at the economy, the
level of worry one should have about consumer spending continuing should
increase, should be higher today than it was a few months ago?
GREENSPAN: "No, I think I agree with that, that's a correct view,
but I think there's an interaction here which is also very complex."
SEN. SCHUMER: No question. Let me ask you this, given the decline
in productivity which we have discussed.
GREENSPAN: "The rate of growth of productivity."
SEN. SCHUMER: Didn't it actually decline in one quarter?
GREENSPAN: "It went down in the first quarter, but I would suspect
that it will not be continuing in the second quarter."
SEN. SCHUMER: Given the decline in, at minimum, the rate of growth
of productivity and I hope you're right.
GREENSPAN: "I agree with that."
SEN. SCHUMER: And how important that is to long-term growth. This
is the question that Evan Bayh asked. But should we be more worried
today about the size of the tax cut, which I believe at some point you
said an effective rate higher than the $1.35 (trillion) ... I read
somewhere that you, I think, said it was closer to $2 trillion in its
overall amount given interest.
GREENSPAN: "I don't believe I said that."
SEN. SCHUMER: No. I didn't read it directly from you. I read it on
a memo that you had said it and I hadn't read anywhere where you said
it, so strike that.
GREENSPAN: "Well, let me just say this. I've never made such a
calculation."
SEN. SCHUMER: But given the change that we've seen in the economy
over the last several months since the tax bill was proposed and since
it was signed do we have greater worry about our status as a surplus
government as opposed to a deficit government?
GREENSPAN: "It depends what happens to the expenditure side of the
budget."
SEN. SCHUMER: Let's say it grows at the rate of inflation.
GREENSPAN: "Well, clearly if you take $1.35 trillion out of a
current services surplus, the actual surplus available less expenditures
will be less than the current services surplus. I mean, that's
arithmetic, I acknowledge that.
SEN. SCHUMER: But you're not worried at this point that we're going
to, even though the economy is not as strong as when the initial tax cut
was proposed or even the $1.35 trillion was arrived at. You're not
worried about us sliding back into deficit?
GREENSPAN: "I'm not, senator."
SEN. SCHUMER: You're more optimistic than I am.
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